Kia Carens: Smart Parking Assist System (SPAS) / Description and operation

Kia Carens RP (2013-2018) Service Manual / Body Electrical System / Smart Parking Assist System (SPAS) / Description and operation

Description

Overview of the System Environment

The SPAS (Smart Parking Assist System) is part of a customer system providing the PAS and the SPAS functionality to the driver.

The SPAS system is a generic, sophisticated subsystem. Therefore the intention is that every SPAS application shall use this subsystem.

Primary Functions

The system identifies parallel parking slots suitable to back-in the vehicle by analyzing the distance data provided by the SPAS sensors.

When a suitable parking slot has been identified the SPAS system leads the vehicle into the parking slot by operating the steering while the driver operates acceleration pedal, clutch (gearshift) and brake.

During parking manoeuvre, a contact from the wheel to the curb is possible, however the system was designed to reduce the occurance for such case. If this case the driver should drive in the opposite direction to continue the parking manoeuvre

Unfavorable Conditions

Aligned status of other parked vehicles

Because the side sensor searches the parking space while the vehicle is moving, the parked vehicle’s aligned position may affect to the parking result. It will be the best if the vehicle passes with exact parallel to the parking line, however, it should not exceed +/- 5 degree for successful parking result. Also the parking vehicle position to the parking line can affect so that it should not exceed 5 degree. Finally the maximum deviation angle between moving vehicle and parked vehicle must not be higher than 10 degree.

2.	Drive-In distance When you approach to the parking space, the ‘Drive-In’ distance should not exceed 0.5m, otherwise, it will result in poor parking position or more multi-step parking process

3.	Parking nearby trailer As shown in the picture, the searching error exists in case of the coupling device attached in the trailer (dotted circular portion in the table). Even if the vehicle passes those area with very low speed, it cannot guarantee normal searching result,

4.	A truck in the parking lot Because of the height of deck (floor) in truck, it cannot be detected correctly by the side sensor while searching the parking space. Therefore, a driver has to watch out to avoid the collision.

5.	2 wheeler in the parking lot In case that 2 wheeler such as motor cycle or bicycle, the side sensor cannot recognize full shape. Furthermore, if it is located with oblique angle, it is much more difficult to detect it.

6.	Snow, Rain or Wind Due to the fact that the sensor uses sonic wave, the medium (snow, rain) may affect to the wave transferring. Also a strong wind can distort the ultrasonic wave therefore it can result in abnormal parking.

7.	Trash can or circular objects Right side picture shows that the location of points is irregular in case of the construction with circular shape.

8.	Oblique parking

9.	Parking at the slope way

10.	Parking at the curb road

11.	Abnormal parking vehicle

System Operation

Mode selection

To start the SPAS (Smart Parking Assist System), select the parking mode refer to the instrument cluster.

Upon pressing SPAS switch, the parking mode can be selected (right parallel, left parallel)

Pressing the switch for more than 1.5sec, the system will be off. Note that the parking mode cannot be selected if the shift lever position is in P or R (Reverse gear of M/T). That is the gear position must be N or D (sports mode is also OK), in case of M/T, possible to choose as long as the gear is not in Reverse.

Parking space searching by ultrasonic side sensor

When the vehicle passes other vehicles nearby the parking area, the side sensor will search the parking space (if right parallel mode was chosen, right side sensor will do, in case of left, opposite one will do).

As the vehicle passes the parking area and the searching is completed, the message of ‘shift to R’ appears (or blinks) and beep will sound.

If you moves more neglecting the message and sound, the system will try to search at next parking area automatically.

For normal parking assist, you have to choose the parking mode in advance before 2~3m from the target parking area and the vehicle has to be moved for those distance.

3.	End of parking space searching After checking the parking slots, vehicle outputs complete sound and message on cluster. If the driver change the shift lever to R gear position and then press/release the brake pedal appropriately, steering moves automatically.

Automatic steering

As shift to reverse range following to the message in the cluster, the steering wheel starts to rotate automatically by MDPS.

You can move the vehicle by depressing the accelerator or stop depressing the foot brake manually listening the warning sound from cluster.

At this time, the side sensors have a function to detect any obstacles nearby the vehicle

If the parking is completed, the SPAS is over with complete sound and message.

System Components

Switch

(1)	PAS switch (A) : PAS switch is to enable or disable the warning function of PAS function.

(2)	SPAS switch (A) : SPAS switch choose the parking mode.

(3)

LED indicator

Item	Condition	Description
PAS	ON	PAS is operating
	OFF	PAS is not operating
	Blink	System is under diagnosis or failure
SPAS	ON	SPAS is operating
	OFF	SPAS is not operating
	Blink	System is coding error or failure or under diagnosis

2.	Cluster It shows the current status of parking and required warning message. The concept of HMI (Human Machine Interface) was applied. And it make a sound for the warning indication.

3.	SPAS Control Module Receiving the required input signals, it calculates the parking route. It outputs the required steering angle to MDPS in order to rotate the steering wheel automatically. And it requests the corresponding text message to the cluster while parking.

4.	Front / Rear SPAS Sensors The function of these sensors is to detect the obstacle during parking. The maximum detection range is around 2m similar to the sensors of existing RPAS (Rear Parking Assist System).

5.	Side SPAS Sensors It detects the parking space. The maximum detecting range is around 1.5m. Also when the vehicle moves while automatic parking, this sensor is used for the obstacle detection to give the warning sound to the driver.

6.	MDPS It actuates the steering wheel receiving the requested target steering angle from the SPAS control module.

7.	SPAS speaker Three different warning sounds output for the front, rear and failure respectively.

Schematic diagrams

Block Diagram Circuit Diagram ...

Smart Parking Assist System Unit Components and components location

Component Connector Pin Information No. Description No. Description 1 - 21 ...

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